Rossi on the Zurich Meeting, University Report

Andrea Rossi was asked today on his JONP site, “when we can be told the name of the scientific journal that will publish the report you plan to present in Zurich on Sep 8.” (from e-catworld.com)

Here’s Rossi’s response:

Thank you for your important question.
My speak in Zurich will regard the report of the tests made on the 16th of July and on the 6th of August made basically for the product certification in course for the Hot Cats. This report will be published by thechnical and specialistic publications after the 9th of September, by the scientific journalists who will attend the meeting.
The rigorous publication deriving from the third party validation that we will make, as I said, within October by a University will be made by the professors who will make the validation, so I do know where it will be published. Please do not ask me which will be the University, I am under NDA and, by the way, three Universities are candidates for this work, should the one that has been chosen since now will retreat for any reason. We have to respect the rules and the decisions of the Universities, who, obviously, do not depend from us. I can anyway say that the test made on the 16th of July has been made with 6 professors of 2 Universities, but unofficially: it has been a preparatory test.
I am under a strict NDA for this test, whose results will be published in the context of the Certificator’s work, not of the Universities.

From what Rossi says here, and what he has said in the past, we can expect two reports — the first one will be the one which will be published in September which is based on testing done during the certification process,and which Rossi will discuss at the Zurich Conference, and the second one will come from a University. Rossi here is exercising some caution as to which University will be publishing the second report. In the past he has mentioned Bologna, but now won’t say, mentioning three possible candidates.

Rossi has also said previously that the September report would be published in a “scientific magazine” — it looks like he is expecting journalists at the Zurich meeting to report on what goes on there. While that sounds likely, I’m not sure that we can entirely count on that happening, since we are still waiting for the Associated Press article to be published about the October 28th test last year, to which they sent a science reporter. We’ll have to see how it all pans out.

UPDATE: The University of Bologna’s Official Magazine published this statement today.

August 27, 2012

Statement by the Vice Rector for Research Dario Braga and the Director of the Department of Physics Paolo Capiluppi

Following the statements appeared in some media about an upcoming release from the University of Bologna of measurements results made on Mr. Andrea Rossi’s device called “E-cat”, the Vice-Rector for research, Professor Dario Braga, and the Director of the Department of Physics, Professor Paolo Capiluppi, reiterate to the press what was stated as early as January 2012, and that is that there is no formal relationship between the University of Bologna and the EFA srl and that there are not measures underway nor scheduled on Mr. Andrea Rossi’s device called “E-cat” at the University of Bologna.

The University of Bologna restates, however, its full readiness to make available its expertise and equipment to make measurements on the production of heat from the device, at the condition that the results are public and disclosed.”

New form of carbon observed, stronger as diamonds

A team of scientists led by Carnegie’s Lin Wang has observed a new form of very hard carbon clusters, which are unusual in their mix of crystalline and disordered structure. The material is capable of indenting diamond. This finding has potential applications for a range of mechanical, electronic, and electrochemical uses. The work is published in Science on August 17. (from carnegiescience.edu)

Carbon is the fourth-most-abundant element in the universe and takes on a wide variety of forms—the honeycomb-like graphene, the pencil “lead” graphite, diamond, cylindrically structured nanotubes, and hollow spheres called fullerenes.
Some forms of carbon are crystalline, meaning that the structure is organized in repeating atomic units. Other forms are amorphous, meaning that the structure lacks the long-range order of crystals. Hybrid products that combine both crystalline and amorphous elements had not previously been observed, although scientists believed they could be created.
Wang’s team—including Carnegie’s Wenge Yang, Zhenxian Liu, Stanislav Sinogeikin, and Yue Meng—started with a substance called carbon-60 cages, made of highly organized balls of carbon constructed of pentagon and hexagon rings bonded together to form a round, hollow shape. An organic xylene solvent was put into the spaces between the balls and formed a new structure. They then applied pressure to this combination of carbon cages and solvent, to see how it changed under different stresses.
At relatively low pressure, the carbon-60’s cage structure remained. But as the pressure increased, the cage structures started to collapse into more amorphous carbon clusters. However, the amorphous clusters still occupy their original sites, forming a lattice structure.
The team discovered that there is a narrow window of pressure, about 320,000 times the normal atmosphere, under which this new structured carbon is created and does not bounce back to the cage structure when pressure is removed. This is crucial for finding practical applications for the new material going forward.
This material was capable of indenting the diamond anvil used in creating the high-pressure conditions. This means that the material is superhard.
If the solvent used to prepare the new form of carbon is removed by heat treatment, the material loses its lattice periodicity, indicating that the solvent is crucial for maintaining the chemical transition that underlies the new structure. Because there are many similar solvents, it is theoretically possible that an array of similar, but slightly different, carbon lattices could be created using this pressure method.
“We created a new type of carbon material, one that is comparable to diamond in its inability to be compressed,” Wang said. “Once created under extreme pressures, this material can exist at normal conditions, meaning it could be used for a wide array of practical applications.”
Wang’s other co-authors on the paper were Bingbing Liu of Jilin University, Hui Li and Xiao Cheng Zeng of the University of Nebraska, Yang Ding of the Argonne National Laboratory, and Wendy Mao of Stanford University.
__________________
This research was supported by EFree, funded by Basic Energy Sciences, Department of Energy (DOE-BES). HPCAT, APS is supported by the Carnegie Institution for Science; the Carnegie DOE Alliance Center (DCAC); the University of Nevada at Las Vegas; and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through funding from the National Nuclear Security Administration, Department of Energy (DOE-NNSA). U2A is supported by the National Science Foundation (COMPRES), DOE-NNSA, and DOE-BES.

centrotherm, Kinetics Germany to build Africa’s largest module production facility

Centrotherm photovoltaics and Kinetics Germany have signed an agreement with Société Nationale de l’Electricité et du Gaz (Sonelgaz) to build an integrated solar module manufacturing facility in Rouiba, Algeria. When completed, the 43,000-square-metre site, located 30 km east of Algiers, will be home to Africa’s largest solar module factory and have an annual production capacity of around 116MW. (from pv-tech.org)

With the exception of silicon production, the site will cater for the entire solar manufacturing chain, ranging from ingot firing through to solar module end-products. Turnkey systems for the factory, such as ingot furnaces and module production technology, will be provided by centrotherm, which has also offered its support to Sonelgaz throughout the system commissioning process. Engineering services, construction management, the turnkey production of the building and the technical fittings for the building will be handled by Kinetics.

The integrated nature of the production process will allow the consortium to drive down costs for both themselves and their customers. Module production will begin in 2014 and help meet the consortium’s combined order volume of €290 million.

“Our expertise as a photovoltaic technology leader, the lowest production costs per watt peak, and our many years of experience in turnkey projects proved persuasive to our Algerian customers”, centrotherm’s CEO Robert Hartung said. “Solar energy possesses great market potential particularly in very sunny countries such as Algeria, or in the Arabian region, because it is unrivalled in terms of cost compared with other energy sources.”

Schweiz: 100% Erneuerbar – Aber sicher!

Die Stromversorgung der Schweiz ist bis zum Jahre 2025 vollständig auf erneuerbare Quellen umstellbar – und der Solarenergie kommt dabei eine zentrale Rolle zu. (from sonnenseite.com)

So in der Beilage zur neuesten Greenpeace-Zeitschrift (Nr. 3/12). Die 16-seitige Broschüre kommt gerade zum richtigen Moment – steht doch im Herbst die Vernehmlassung zum neuen Energiegesetz an, das in den letzten Wochen bereits bruchstückhaft öffentlich wurde. Dabei geniesst die voraussichtliche Vorlage selbst seitens der Umweltorganisationen gewissen Zuspruch, Alt-Nationalrat und Energiespezialist Rudolf Rechsteiner (siehe dessen Buch “100 Prozent erneuerbar”) ortete darin etwa einen wirkungsvollen ersten Schritt.

Doch müsse der Bund wesentlich weiter gehen, vor allem auch in Bezug auf die Photovoltaik (PV), also auf die Förderung der solaren Stromerzeugung. Die behandelt der Bund weiterhin äusserst stiefmütterlich, obwohl ihre Kostenentwicklung und Potentialanalyse unterdessen schon fast jedem klar gemacht haben: Der PV gehört die Zukunft, auch hierzulande.

Wie das im Einzelnen aussehen kann, zeigt nun die erwähnte Broschüre von Greenpeace. Zusammen mit dem WWF, dem VCS und Pro Natura – aber nicht mehr explizit mit der Schweizerischen Energiestiftung (SES), die noch im letzten Jahr gemeinsam mit der Umweltallianz auftrat – sieht Greenpeace zuallererst den Ausstieg aus der Atomenergie.

Denn die Schweiz könne sich auch ohne AKW sicher, wirtschaftlich und umweltfreundlich mit Strom versorgen. Das könne in einer kürzeren Frist bis 2025 oder in einer längeren bis 2035 geschehen, wobei in erstem Falle für eine Übergangszeit auf Stromimporte aus erneuerbaren Quellen zurückzugreifen wäre. So oder so, bereits in rund einem Dutzend Jahren kann die Solarstromproduktion rund einen Fünftel des danzumaligen Verbrauchs decken.

Einen Gutteil soll auch die Biomasse ausmachen, die auf etwa elf Prozent Anteil kommen kann. Und wichtig wird (natürlich) auch der vermiedene Stromkonsum, also die durch Effizienzmassnahmen eingesparte Energie, die Greenpeace auf rund 14 Terrawattstunden (TWh) beziffert. Womit der Gesamtverbrauch eben nicht höher ausfiele als heute (58 TWh).

Woher aber die eingesparte Energie, die der Produktion von sechs AKW der Grösse von Mühleberg entspricht? Stromfressende Elektroheizungen und –boiler, ineffiziente Industriemotoren, Glühbirnen, Standby-Geräte und viele mehr könnten Stromsparbeiträge leisten – ohne dass letztlich eine Komforteinbusse zu gewärtigen wäre.

Das Potential der Solarenergie dabei nicht nur wegen der Grösse des Beitrags zur künftigen Stromproduktion bedeutend, sondern auch, weil sie ohne die vielerorts befürchtete Verschandelung der Landschaft auskommt.

“Ob Dächer, überdeckte Parkplätze, Strassen- und Lawinenverbauungen – in der Schweiz stehen genügend Flächen für den Zubau zur Verfügung.” Und auch wenn die Sonne nachts nicht scheint: Die bereits bestehende Energieinfrastruktur bietet gute Voraussetzungen für eine Nutzung rund um die Uhr, denn gemäss Greenpeace “reicht die gesamte Kapazität der Schweizer Speicherseen rechnerisch für die Überbrückung von bis zu 85 sonnenlosen Tagen”.

Interessant die Kostenangaben: War vor einem Jahr bei der ersten Präsentation dieses Szenarios noch von fünf Franken pro Jahr und Haushalt die Rede, so nennt die neue Broschüre nun 35 Franken oder total 272 Millionen jährlich. Gibt aber gleichzeitig zu bedenken, dass es auch ohne Atom- und Energiewende teurer werde.

Die Netze müssten eh erneuert werden und die fossilen wie nuklearen Energieträger werden sicherlich bedeutend teurer in der Zukunft. So dass sich der Umstieg auf eine zu 100 Prozent erneuerbare Energieversorgung auch wirtschaftlich auszahlen wird.

Dass das nicht automatisch vonstatten gehen wird, verschweigt Greenpeace nicht. Erstens braucht es ein Massnahmenbündel, zu dem unter anderem vor allem die Aufhebung der beschränkten Förderung von Erneuerbaren (Deckel) gehört, ebenso wie eine Lenkungsabgabe, schnelle Bewilligungsverfahren – und den Beitrag von jedem Einzelnen im Rahmen von Verhaltensänderungenb.

Cholera Epidemic Envelops Coastal Slums in West Africa

DAKAR, Senegal — A fierce cholera epidemic is spreading through the coastal slums of West Africa, killing hundreds and sickening many more in one of the worst regional outbreaks in years, health experts said.

By ADAM NOSSITER (from nytimes.com)

Cholera, transmitted through contact with contaminated feces, was made worse this year by an exceptionally heavy rainy

season that flooded the sprawling shantytowns in Freetown and Conakry, the capitals of Sierra Leone and neighboring Guinea.

 

In both countries, about two-thirds of the population lack toilets, a potentially lethal threat in the rainy season because of the contamination of the water supply. Doctors Without Borders said there had been nearly twice as many cholera cases so far this year as there were in the same period in 2007 in Sierra Leone and Guinea, when it said the area experienced its last major outbreak.

Already, more than 13,000 people suffering from the disease’s often fatal symptoms — diarrhea, vomiting and severe dehydration — have been admitted to hospitals in the two nations’ capitals, and 250 to 300 have died, Doctors Without Borders said.

Ethiopia prime minister and Africa strongman Meles Zenawi dies suddenly

(from nbcnews.com)

Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, a senior Africa figurehead, died of an infection while being treated abroad for an undisclosed illness, state-run television said on Tuesday. Speculation that Meles, 57, was seriously ill grew after he failed to attend an African Union summit in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa last month. “Prime Minister Zenawi suddenly passed away last night. Meles was recovering in a hospital overseas for the past two months but died of a sudden infection at 11:40 (on Monday night),” state television said. Hailemariam Dessalegne, the deputy prime minister, was expected to be sworn in early Tuesday, according to the Twitter account of the Addis Fortune newspaper in Addis Ababa.